Who Rules America?  By G. William Domhoff, University of California at Santa Cruz

Members of the Santa Cruz City Council, 1970-2011

 
= very conservative
 
= conservative
 
= centrist
 
= liberal
 
= very liberal
= mayor

Place your mouse over the colored boxes to see the year; mouse-over the names to see their political affiliation.

1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s
Eugene Fleming
 
Norman Walters
 
Richard Werner
 
 
 
Ernest Wicklund
 
 
 
 
Lorette Wood
 
 
 
 
Anne Garni
 
 
Al Castagnola
 
 
 
Vernon Smith
 
 
 
 
Denver Groff
 
 
Robert Jones
 
 
Sally Di Girolamo
 
 
 
Bert Muhly
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virginia Sharp
 
 
John Mahaney
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Larry Edler
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Carole De Palma
 
 
 
 
Joseph Ghio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Charlotte Melville
 
 
 
 
Jim Hammond
 
 
Spiro Mellis
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mike Rotkin
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bruce Van Allen
 
 
 
 
John Laird
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mardi Wormhoudt
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arnold Levine
 
 
 
 
 
Katy Sears-Williams
 
 
 
 
 
Jane Weed
 
 
 
 
Don Lane
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mo Reich
 
Katherine Beiers
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jane Yokoyama
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Neal Coonerty
 
 
 
Scott Kennedy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Louis Rittenhouse
 
 
 
 
Cynthia Mathews
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mary Beth Campbell
 
 
 
 
Celia Von der Muhl Scott
 
 
 
Michael Hernandez
 
 
 
 
Tim Fitzmaurice
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Christopher Krohn
 
 
 
Keith Sugar
 
 
 
Ed Porter
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mark Primack
 
 
 
 
Emily Reilly
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ryan Coonerty
 
 
 
 
 
Tony Madrigal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lynn Robinson
 
 
 
 
 
Hilary Bryant
 
David Terrazas
 
        

Source: Santa Cruz Public Library

All content ©2012 G. William Domhoff, unless otherwise noted. Unauthorized reproduction prohibited. Please direct technical questions regarding this Web site to Adam Schneider.